GlobalEnvironmentSince 1998Curatedhigh confidence

Coral Reef Collapse

Repeated mass bleaching is dismantling the most biodiverse marine ecosystem.

Severity score

51.4

Severe · default weighting

Trajectory

Worsening

What this is

Consecutive global bleaching events have hit reefs faster than they can recover. Reefs support a quarter of marine species and protect coastlines from storm surge for hundreds of millions of people. Most projections show near-total loss of tropical reefs within decades on current warming trajectories.

Score breakdown

Loss of life

8

Direct and attributable mortality, normalised across annual and cumulative tolls.

Lives negatively impacted

64

People displaced, injured, food-insecure, exposed or otherwise materially harmed.

Financial cost

50

Direct damage, lost output and health-system spend attributable to the event.

Environmental impact

96

Emissions, habitat and biodiversity loss, contamination and irreversibility.

Trajectory

86

Whether the situation is escalating, and how much worse it is plausibly getting.