GlobalEnvironmentCuratedmedium confidence

Desertification and Drylands Crisis

Productive land is turning to desert across the Sahel, Central Asia and northern China.

Severity score

55.0

Severe · default weighting

Trajectory

Worsening

What this is

Overgrazing, deforestation, poor irrigation and warming are converting drylands into unproductive land. The result is loss of livelihood, migration into cities and, in the Sahel, a recruitment pipeline for armed groups. Restoration projects exist but operate far below the scale of loss.

Score breakdown

Loss of life

18

Direct and attributable mortality, normalised across annual and cumulative tolls.

Lives negatively impacted

80

People displaced, injured, food-insecure, exposed or otherwise materially harmed.

Financial cost

58

Direct damage, lost output and health-system spend attributable to the event.

Environmental impact

76

Emissions, habitat and biodiversity loss, contamination and irreversibility.

Trajectory

66

Whether the situation is escalating, and how much worse it is plausibly getting.