GlobalDisasterCuratedmedium confidence

Megacity Earthquake Risk

Tens of millions live in unreinforced buildings on known active faults.

Severity score

57.3

Severe · default weighting

Trajectory

Worsening

What this is

Istanbul, Tehran, Kathmandu, Jakarta, Manila and Lima all sit on major seismic hazards with large stocks of non-compliant construction. Retrofitting is technically understood and politically deferred almost everywhere. A single event could kill hundreds of thousands.

Score breakdown

Loss of life

54

Direct and attributable mortality, normalised across annual and cumulative tolls.

Lives negatively impacted

74

People displaced, injured, food-insecure, exposed or otherwise materially harmed.

Financial cost

80

Direct damage, lost output and health-system spend attributable to the event.

Environmental impact

4

Emissions, habitat and biodiversity loss, contamination and irreversibility.

Trajectory

60

Whether the situation is escalating, and how much worse it is plausibly getting.