GlobalEnvironmentSince 1900Curatedhigh confidence

Sea Level Rise and Coastal Erosion

Hundreds of millions of people live below the level the sea is heading for.

Severity score

69.1

Critical · default weighting

Trajectory

Worsening

What this is

Thermal expansion and ice sheet loss are raising sea levels at an accelerating rate. Salinisation of farmland and aquifers arrives well before permanent inundation, and low-lying delta populations in Bangladesh, Egypt, Vietnam and small island states are most exposed. Committed rise continues for centuries regardless of future emissions.

Score breakdown

Loss of life

24

Direct and attributable mortality, normalised across annual and cumulative tolls.

Lives negatively impacted

86

People displaced, injured, food-insecure, exposed or otherwise materially harmed.

Financial cost

92

Direct damage, lost output and health-system spend attributable to the event.

Environmental impact

88

Emissions, habitat and biodiversity loss, contamination and irreversibility.

Trajectory

88

Whether the situation is escalating, and how much worse it is plausibly getting.